1. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s dress marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.

分析：

（1）本句基本結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)從句It was not until…that…，其中有兩個(gè)插入成分。

（2）第一個(gè)插入成分是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s dress marketing strategy，修飾1980’s，可以譯為獨(dú)立小句。

（3）when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years是狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾…came into…，譯成“當(dāng)時(shí)…”，其中，part of what defined them as female是第二個(gè)插入成分，也是上文it的同位語(yǔ)，it指上文的pink。

（4）at least for the first few critical year是修飾…began to seem…的時(shí)間讓步狀語(yǔ)。

（5）came into its own的意思是“盛行起來(lái)”。

譯文：二十世紀(jì)80年代中期，兒童服裝市場(chǎng)的主要營(yíng)銷(xiāo)策略開(kāi)始強(qiáng)調(diào)年齡差異和性別差異，粉色才逐漸流行起來(lái)，至少在最初的關(guān)鍵幾年，粉色似乎開(kāi)始自然地吸引女孩，這種顏色也多少標(biāo)志著女孩變成了女性。

2. Quantumen tanglement, in a nut shell, means that the properties of one particle can be deduced by examining the properties of a second particle --- even if they are separated by a large distance.

分析：

（1）in a nut shell的意思是“從本質(zhì)上……”。

（2）按漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣，先說(shuō)讓步“即使……”，再說(shuō)主句內(nèi)容。

譯文：從本質(zhì)上說(shuō)， 量子糾纏意味著粒子雖然相隔很遠(yuǎn)，其屬性仍可通過(guò)檢驗(yàn)另一個(gè)粒子的屬性推斷出來(lái)。